|
| Titre : |
THEME :Simulation of VANET Applications |
| Type de document : |
texte imprimé |
| Auteurs : |
Ilyes Abderaouf Litoufi, Auteur ; Rafik Moubani ; Hammouche, Yassine, Directeur de thèse |
| Editeur : |
Setif:UFA |
| Année de publication : |
2024 |
| Importance : |
1 vol (84 f .) |
| Format : |
29 cm |
| Langues : |
Anglais (eng) |
| Catégories : |
Thèses & Mémoires:Informatique
|
| Mots-clés : |
VANETs
OBUs
RSUs
Safety
Non-Safety
V2V
V2I
NS-3
Simulation
PRR
Latency |
| Index. décimale : |
004 - Informatique |
| Résumé : |
Addressing critical real-life issues such as road safety and traffic management, therefore,
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are poised to revolutionize these aspects of transportation.
This research explored VANETs, detailing their definitions, characteristics,
challenges, and applications, with a focus on U.S. WAVE and EUR ITS G5 standards.
VANETs were characterized by a highly dynamic network topology, no energy or processing
constraints, and variable transmission conditions. The challenges included high
mobility, data management, security vulnerabilities, quality of service, and the need for
robust routing protocols for efficient communication. The applications of VANETs were
divided into safety and non-safety categories, emphasizing safety applications like Emergency
Vehicle Warning and Road Hazard Control Notification. Non-safety applications
such as Traffic Information Systems and Comfort Applications were also examined.
The practical part of this study included simulation experiments to evaluate the performance
of two key applications: Emergency Vehicle Warning (V2V) and Area Speed
Advisor (V2I). These simulations, conducted across diverse environments highway, urban,
and rural used varying parameters to assess metrics like Packet Receive Ratio (PRR) and
latency. The findings provided essential insights into the efficacy and reliability of VANET
applications in real-world scenarios.
The comprehensive analysis and results contributed to the ongoing development and
optimization of vehicular network technologies, promoting a future of smarter, safer transportation
systems. |
| Note de contenu : |
Sommaire
Abstract 1
Résumé 2
ملخص 3
Acknowledgments 4
Table of Contents 6
List of Figures 13
List of Tables 14
General Introduction 15
I Vehicular Networks 17
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2 VANET Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3 The standards for access to VANETs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.1 US WAVE Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.2 ETSI ITS-G5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4 The characteristics of VANET networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.1 Highly Dynamic Network Topology: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.2 Processing and Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.3 Limited Network Connectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.4 Highly Variable Transmission Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.5 Security and Privacy Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5 The challenges of vehicular networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.1 Mobility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.2 Data administration and storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.3 Security and privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.4 Quality of service delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.5 Routing protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6 Environments in VANETs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.1 Highway Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.2 Urban Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.3 Rural Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7 Architecture of VANETs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7.1 On-Board Units (OBUs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.2 Roadside Units (RSUs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.3 the Trusted Authorities (TAs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.4 Application Units (AUs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.5 Software-Defined Networking (SDN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
8 Communication types in VANETs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8.1 Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8.2 Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8.3 Inter-Infrastructure and hybrid communications . . . . . . . . . . 29
9 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
II Vanet Applications 31
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2 Safety Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.1 Tracking of Stolen Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.2 Emergency Event Road Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.3 Road Hazard Control Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.4 Pedestrian in roadway warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.5 Intersection violation warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.6 Electronic brake warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.7 On-coming traffic warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3 Non-Safety Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.1 Traffic Information Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.1.1 Congestion Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.1.2 Electronic Toll Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.1.3 Traffic Light Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.2 comfort applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.2.1 Ad-Hoc Service Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.2.2 Finding Empty Parking Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.2.3 Digital map downloading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.2.4 Real Time Video Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
III Simulations And Results 51
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
2 Simulation Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2.1 Static Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2.2 Dynamic Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2.3 Deterministic Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2.4 Stochastic Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3 Advantages and Challenges of Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
3.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
3.2 Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4 Simulation Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.1 Traffic Simulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.2 Network Simulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
5 The NS-3 Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
6 Simulation Of Urban Mobility (SUMO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
7 Comparison Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.1 Packet Receive Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.2 Latency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
7.3 Averages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
8 Simulated Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
8.1 Emergency Vehicle Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
8.1.1 Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
8.1.2 Operation and Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
8.1.3 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
8.2 Area Speed Advisor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
8.2.1 Area Speed Advisor with one RSU . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
8.2.1.1 Operation and Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
8.2.1.2 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
8.2.2 Area Speed Advisor with Multiple RSU . . . . . . . . . 70
8.2.2.1 Operation and Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
8.2.2.2 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
9 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 |
| Côte titre : |
MAI/0919
|
THEME :Simulation of VANET Applications [texte imprimé] / Ilyes Abderaouf Litoufi, Auteur ; Rafik Moubani ; Hammouche, Yassine, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : Setif:UFA, 2024 . - 1 vol (84 f .) ; 29 cm. Langues : Anglais ( eng)
| Catégories : |
Thèses & Mémoires:Informatique
|
| Mots-clés : |
VANETs
OBUs
RSUs
Safety
Non-Safety
V2V
V2I
NS-3
Simulation
PRR
Latency |
| Index. décimale : |
004 - Informatique |
| Résumé : |
Addressing critical real-life issues such as road safety and traffic management, therefore,
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are poised to revolutionize these aspects of transportation.
This research explored VANETs, detailing their definitions, characteristics,
challenges, and applications, with a focus on U.S. WAVE and EUR ITS G5 standards.
VANETs were characterized by a highly dynamic network topology, no energy or processing
constraints, and variable transmission conditions. The challenges included high
mobility, data management, security vulnerabilities, quality of service, and the need for
robust routing protocols for efficient communication. The applications of VANETs were
divided into safety and non-safety categories, emphasizing safety applications like Emergency
Vehicle Warning and Road Hazard Control Notification. Non-safety applications
such as Traffic Information Systems and Comfort Applications were also examined.
The practical part of this study included simulation experiments to evaluate the performance
of two key applications: Emergency Vehicle Warning (V2V) and Area Speed
Advisor (V2I). These simulations, conducted across diverse environments highway, urban,
and rural used varying parameters to assess metrics like Packet Receive Ratio (PRR) and
latency. The findings provided essential insights into the efficacy and reliability of VANET
applications in real-world scenarios.
The comprehensive analysis and results contributed to the ongoing development and
optimization of vehicular network technologies, promoting a future of smarter, safer transportation
systems. |
| Note de contenu : |
Sommaire
Abstract 1
Résumé 2
ملخص 3
Acknowledgments 4
Table of Contents 6
List of Figures 13
List of Tables 14
General Introduction 15
I Vehicular Networks 17
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2 VANET Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3 The standards for access to VANETs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.1 US WAVE Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.2 ETSI ITS-G5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4 The characteristics of VANET networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.1 Highly Dynamic Network Topology: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.2 Processing and Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.3 Limited Network Connectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.4 Highly Variable Transmission Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.5 Security and Privacy Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5 The challenges of vehicular networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.1 Mobility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.2 Data administration and storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.3 Security and privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.4 Quality of service delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.5 Routing protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6 Environments in VANETs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.1 Highway Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.2 Urban Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.3 Rural Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7 Architecture of VANETs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7.1 On-Board Units (OBUs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.2 Roadside Units (RSUs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.3 the Trusted Authorities (TAs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.4 Application Units (AUs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.5 Software-Defined Networking (SDN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
8 Communication types in VANETs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8.1 Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8.2 Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8.3 Inter-Infrastructure and hybrid communications . . . . . . . . . . 29
9 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
II Vanet Applications 31
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2 Safety Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.1 Tracking of Stolen Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.2 Emergency Event Road Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.3 Road Hazard Control Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.4 Pedestrian in roadway warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.5 Intersection violation warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.6 Electronic brake warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.7 On-coming traffic warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3 Non-Safety Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.1 Traffic Information Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.1.1 Congestion Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.1.2 Electronic Toll Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.1.3 Traffic Light Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.2 comfort applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.2.1 Ad-Hoc Service Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.2.2 Finding Empty Parking Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.2.3 Digital map downloading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.2.4 Real Time Video Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
III Simulations And Results 51
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
2 Simulation Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2.1 Static Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2.2 Dynamic Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2.3 Deterministic Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2.4 Stochastic Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3 Advantages and Challenges of Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
3.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
3.2 Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4 Simulation Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.1 Traffic Simulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.2 Network Simulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
5 The NS-3 Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
6 Simulation Of Urban Mobility (SUMO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
7 Comparison Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.1 Packet Receive Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.2 Latency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
7.3 Averages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
8 Simulated Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
8.1 Emergency Vehicle Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
8.1.1 Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
8.1.2 Operation and Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
8.1.3 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
8.2 Area Speed Advisor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
8.2.1 Area Speed Advisor with one RSU . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
8.2.1.1 Operation and Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
8.2.1.2 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
8.2.2 Area Speed Advisor with Multiple RSU . . . . . . . . . 70
8.2.2.1 Operation and Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
8.2.2.2 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
9 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 |
| Côte titre : |
MAI/0919
|
|
THEME :Simulation of VANET Applications
