|
| Titre : |
PH Effect on the green synthesis of CuO Nanoparticles |
| Type de document : |
document électronique |
| Auteurs : |
Khaoula Guemaz, Auteur ; Djeghloul ,Fatima Zohra, Directeur de thèse |
| Editeur : |
Setif:UFA |
| Année de publication : |
2024 |
| Importance : |
1 vol (72 f.) |
| Format : |
29 cm |
| Langues : |
Anglais (eng) |
| Catégories : |
Thèses & Mémoires:Physique
|
| Mots-clés : |
Nanoparticles
Copper oxide
Green synthesis
Bee pollen
PH of solution
Biomolecules. |
| Index. décimale : |
530 - Physique |
| Résumé : |
The rapid and eco-friendly green synthesis of CuO nanoparticles using bee pollen extracts provides a simple, effective, and environmentally friendly route for producing these nanoparticles. The impact of pH solution were examined to control the particle size and stability. The structure, size, and optical properties of the synthesized samples were characterized using XRD, FTIR, and UV-Vis DRS techniques. XRD analysis confirmed the monoclinic phase of the CuO NPs synthesized at different pH levels, with average crystallite sizes of 19.73, 19.90, and 20.35 nm, respectively. Diffuse reflectance results showed that increasing the pH values decreases the direct optical band gap value from 1.457 to 1.404 eV. All samples exhibited strong visible light absorption, making them potentially useful for energy storage and solar cell applications. Multifunctional groups involved in extracts and functional groups capped on the surface of CuO NPs are confirmed by FT-IR studies. |
| Note de contenu : |
Sommaire
1.Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background .......................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Aims and objectives ............................................................................................................. 4
2. Literature Review ................................................................................................................. 6 2.1 Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ....................................................................................... 7
2.2 Classification of Nanomaterials ........................................................................................... 7
2.3 Nanoparticles ........................................................................................................................ 8
2.3.1 Classification of Nanoparticles ...................................................................................... 9
2.3.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles ......................................................................................... 12 2.4 CuO NPs: properties and uses ............................................................................................ 15
2.4.1 Properties ..................................................................................................................... 16
2.4.2 Green synthesis of CuO NPs ....................................................................................... 19
2.4.3 Applications of green synthesized CuO NPs ............................................................... 20 2.5 Plant extracts-mediated synthesis of CuO NPs .................................................................. 22
2.5.1 Role of phytochemicals for NPs biosynthesis ............................................................. 23
2.5.2 Protocol for the eco-benevolent synthesis of CuO NPs .............................................. 25
2.5.3 Factors affecting the green synthesis of CuO NPs ...................................................... 27
2.5.4 Proposed mechanism for plant extract mediated synthesis of CuO NPs ..................... 29 3. Materials and Methods ...................................................................................................... 31
3.1 Bee Pollen based NPs and their applications ..................................................................... 32
3.1.1 Bee Pollen description ................................................................................................. 32
3.1.2 Collection process of bee pollen by honeybee ............................................................ 32
3.1.3 Bee Pollen composition ............................................................................................... 33
3.1.4 Bee Pollen applications ............................................................................................... 34
3.1.5 Bee Pollen based nanoparticles ................................................................................... 35 3.2. Characterization techniques of CuO NPs .......................................................................... 35
3.2.1 X-Ray diffraction (XRD) ............................................................................................. 36
3.2.2 Ultraviolet–Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS) ..................... 38
3.2.3 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) ......................................................... 40 3.3 Materials and Methods ....................................................................................................... 42
3.3.1 Materials ...................................................................................................................... 42
3.3.2 Instruments .................................................................................................................. 43
3.3.3 Preparation of Bee pollen extract ................................................................................ 43
3.3.4 Biogenic synthesis of CuO NPs................................................................................... 45
3.3.5 Effects of reaction pH for the synthesis of CuO NPs .................................................. 46
3.3.6 Characterization of BP-CuO NPs ................................................................................ 46 4. Results and Discussion ....................................................................................................... 48
4.1 Structural analysis .............................................................................................................. 49
4.1.1 Calculation of crystallographic parameters ................................................................. 50
4.1.2 Calculation of crystallite (grain) size and percentage crystallinity ............................ 51
4.1.3 Calculation of lattice strain and dislocation density .................................................... 53 4.2 Optical analysis .................................................................................................................. 53
4.3 Chemical composition analysis .......................................................................................... 57
5. Conclusion & Future work ................................................................................................ 62
6. Bibliography ....................................................................................................................... 65 |
| Côte titre : |
MAPH/0641 |
PH Effect on the green synthesis of CuO Nanoparticles [document électronique] / Khaoula Guemaz, Auteur ; Djeghloul ,Fatima Zohra, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : Setif:UFA, 2024 . - 1 vol (72 f.) ; 29 cm. Langues : Anglais ( eng)
| Catégories : |
Thèses & Mémoires:Physique
|
| Mots-clés : |
Nanoparticles
Copper oxide
Green synthesis
Bee pollen
PH of solution
Biomolecules. |
| Index. décimale : |
530 - Physique |
| Résumé : |
The rapid and eco-friendly green synthesis of CuO nanoparticles using bee pollen extracts provides a simple, effective, and environmentally friendly route for producing these nanoparticles. The impact of pH solution were examined to control the particle size and stability. The structure, size, and optical properties of the synthesized samples were characterized using XRD, FTIR, and UV-Vis DRS techniques. XRD analysis confirmed the monoclinic phase of the CuO NPs synthesized at different pH levels, with average crystallite sizes of 19.73, 19.90, and 20.35 nm, respectively. Diffuse reflectance results showed that increasing the pH values decreases the direct optical band gap value from 1.457 to 1.404 eV. All samples exhibited strong visible light absorption, making them potentially useful for energy storage and solar cell applications. Multifunctional groups involved in extracts and functional groups capped on the surface of CuO NPs are confirmed by FT-IR studies. |
| Note de contenu : |
Sommaire
1.Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background .......................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Aims and objectives ............................................................................................................. 4
2. Literature Review ................................................................................................................. 6 2.1 Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ....................................................................................... 7
2.2 Classification of Nanomaterials ........................................................................................... 7
2.3 Nanoparticles ........................................................................................................................ 8
2.3.1 Classification of Nanoparticles ...................................................................................... 9
2.3.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles ......................................................................................... 12 2.4 CuO NPs: properties and uses ............................................................................................ 15
2.4.1 Properties ..................................................................................................................... 16
2.4.2 Green synthesis of CuO NPs ....................................................................................... 19
2.4.3 Applications of green synthesized CuO NPs ............................................................... 20 2.5 Plant extracts-mediated synthesis of CuO NPs .................................................................. 22
2.5.1 Role of phytochemicals for NPs biosynthesis ............................................................. 23
2.5.2 Protocol for the eco-benevolent synthesis of CuO NPs .............................................. 25
2.5.3 Factors affecting the green synthesis of CuO NPs ...................................................... 27
2.5.4 Proposed mechanism for plant extract mediated synthesis of CuO NPs ..................... 29 3. Materials and Methods ...................................................................................................... 31
3.1 Bee Pollen based NPs and their applications ..................................................................... 32
3.1.1 Bee Pollen description ................................................................................................. 32
3.1.2 Collection process of bee pollen by honeybee ............................................................ 32
3.1.3 Bee Pollen composition ............................................................................................... 33
3.1.4 Bee Pollen applications ............................................................................................... 34
3.1.5 Bee Pollen based nanoparticles ................................................................................... 35 3.2. Characterization techniques of CuO NPs .......................................................................... 35
3.2.1 X-Ray diffraction (XRD) ............................................................................................. 36
3.2.2 Ultraviolet–Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS) ..................... 38
3.2.3 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) ......................................................... 40 3.3 Materials and Methods ....................................................................................................... 42
3.3.1 Materials ...................................................................................................................... 42
3.3.2 Instruments .................................................................................................................. 43
3.3.3 Preparation of Bee pollen extract ................................................................................ 43
3.3.4 Biogenic synthesis of CuO NPs................................................................................... 45
3.3.5 Effects of reaction pH for the synthesis of CuO NPs .................................................. 46
3.3.6 Characterization of BP-CuO NPs ................................................................................ 46 4. Results and Discussion ....................................................................................................... 48
4.1 Structural analysis .............................................................................................................. 49
4.1.1 Calculation of crystallographic parameters ................................................................. 50
4.1.2 Calculation of crystallite (grain) size and percentage crystallinity ............................ 51
4.1.3 Calculation of lattice strain and dislocation density .................................................... 53 4.2 Optical analysis .................................................................................................................. 53
4.3 Chemical composition analysis .......................................................................................... 57
5. Conclusion & Future work ................................................................................................ 62
6. Bibliography ....................................................................................................................... 65 |
| Côte titre : |
MAPH/0641 |
|
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